“This matter is of fundamental importance to Muslim women across the UK … leaving many women at great financial risk in unhappy relationships.” Anna-Laura Lock, a senior associate at the law firm Winckworth Sherwood, said: “Given the current law on marriage leaves parties to a religious ceremony so exposed financially following relationship breakdown, this will not be the end of the road for this issue. This often involves lengthy delays and does not afford women the same financial protections as would be granted if their ceremonies were recognised as a marriage under English law.
He added: “The decision … will leave Muslim women in the UK in legal limbo, compelled to turn to sharia councils to pursue Islamic divorce. Daniel Jones, of the law firm BLM, said the appeal court judgment was “a real blow for all concerned”. The state did not have a human rights obligation to recognise religious marriage, the judgment said. It added: “It is not difficult for parties who want to be legally married to achieve that status.”
#WHAT IS A NIKAH NAMA IN ENGLISH REGISTRATION#
Three family judges sitting in the court of appeal concluded that to uphold the high court’s ruling “would gravely diminish the value of the system of registration of marriages upon which so much depends in a modern community”. It is therefore a void marriage and the wife is entitled to a decree of nullity”.Īn appeal against the high court ruling was brought by the attorney general. The high court ruled the Akhter-Khan marriage had been “entered into in disregard of certain requirements as to the formation of marriage. Valid marriages may be ended by a decree of divorce void marriages may be ended by a decree of nullity non-marriages cannot be legally ended because legally the marriage never existed. Under the law, there are three categories of marriage: valid, void and non-marriage. Justice Williams, who heard the case in the family division of the high court in London, concluded the marriage fell within the scope of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973. The high court heard the couple had intended to follow their nikah ceremony with a civil ceremony, but that Khan refused to go through with a legal process despite frequent efforts by Akhter to persuade him. But Khan blocked the move, arguing the couple were not married under English law, only under sharia or Islamic law.Īkhter said she had seen Khan as her husband, and he had “always introduced me as his wife”. The relationship had broken down, and Akhter petitioned for divorce. The 2018 high court case concerned a couple, Nasreen Akhter and Mohammed Shabaz Khan, who had undergone a nikah marriage conducted by an imam in front of 150 guests at a restaurant in Southall, west London, in 1998. These vulnerable women need better protection than the law currently provides.” The appeal court had “upheld the existing concepts of what constitutes a lawful marriage … The law in these cases is not keeping up with society. No rights to assets in the husband’s sole name, and no rights to maintenance.” Responding to the appeal court judgment, Charles Hale QC, of the family law firm 4PB, said: “This means that many have absolutely no rights at the end of what they believe to be their ‘marriage’. A survey in 2017 found nearly all married Muslim women in the UK had had a nikah and almost two-thirds had not had a separate civil ceremony. But their marriages are only legal if they additionally go through a civil ceremony. Many couples who undergo nikah ceremonies believe they are lawfully married. The appeal court has confirmed that nikah marriages are legally “non-marriages”, meaning spouses have no redress to the courts for a division of matrimonial assets such as the family home and spouse’s pension if a marriage breaks down. The judgment, delivered on Friday, overturned an earlier high court ruling that an Islamic marriage, known as a Nikah, fell within the scope of English matrimonial law.
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